GALLIPRANT 100 mg Tablets for Dogs

Composition

Each tablet contains:

Active substance:

Grapiprant 100 mg

Excipients:

For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.

6.1 List of excipients

Pork liver powder

Lactose monohydrate

Sodium starch glycolate Type A

Sodium laurilsulfate

Copovidone

Cellulose, microcrystalline

Magnesium stearate

Silica, colloidal anhydrous

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Pharmaceutical form

Galliprant 100 mg tablets: A brown speckled, biconvex oval tablet with the debossed number ‘100’ on one half and the letters ‘MG’ on the other half; the letter ‘G’ is debossed on the other face.

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Pharmacological properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Other anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic agents, non-steroids

ATCvet code: QM01AX92

5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Grapiprant is a non-steroidal, non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting anti-inflammatory drug in the piprant class. Grapiprant is a selective antagonist of the EP4 receptor, a key prostaglandin E2 receptor that predominantly mediates prostaglandin E2‐elicited nociception. The specific effects of the binding of prostaglandin E2 to the EP4 receptor include vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, angiogenesis and production of pro‐inflammatory mediators. The EP4 receptor is important in mediating pain and inflammation as it is the primary mediator of the prostaglandin E2-elicited sensitization of sensory neurons and prostaglandin E2-elicited inflammation.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars

Absorption

Grapiprant is readily and rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in dogs. After a single oral dose of 2 mg grapiprant/kg, Cmax and AUC values of 1.21 µg/ml and 2.71 µg.h/ml were reached in the fasted state. Maximum grapiprant concentrations are observed in serum within one hour of dosing in the fasted state. Intake of the tablet with food reduces the oral bioavailability, i.e. the oral bioavailability of grapiprant when taken in the fasted state was 89% and when taken with food it was 33%, with mean Cmax and AUC grapiprant values reduced 4-fold and 2-fold, respectively. Grapiprant does not accumulate in the dog after repeated administration. No gender related differences in absorption are observed.

Distribution

In vitro protein binding of grapiprant indicates that grapiprant is primarily bound to dog serum albumin. The mean percentage of unbound grapiprant was 4.35% and 5.01% at a grapiprant concentration of 200 ng/ml and 1 000 ng/ml.

Biotransformation

Grapiprant is primarily bound to serum proteins. In dogs, grapiprant is a major excretion product in bile, faeces and urine. Four metabolites are identified and the metabolic pathways include N-deamination to form the major metabolite in faeces (7.2%) and urine (3.4%). Two hydroxylated metabolites and one N-oxidated metabolite are also recovered in bile, faeces and/or urine. The pharmacological activity of the metabolites is not known.

Elimination

Grapiprant is primarily excreted via faeces. Approximately 70-80% of the administered dose is excreted within 48-72 h with the majority of the dose excreted unchanged. Faecal excretion accounted for roughly 65% of the dose whereas approximately 20% of the dose was excreted through urine.

The elimination half-life of grapiprant is approximately 4.6 to 5.67 hours.

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Target species

Dogs.

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Indications

For the treatment of pain associated with mild to moderate osteoarthritis in dogs.

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Dosage

For oral use.

Administer this veterinary medicinal product on an empty stomach (e.g. in the morning) and at least one hour before the next meal, once daily at a target dose of 2 mg per kg body weight (bw).

Duration of treatment will depend on the response observed to treatment. As field studies were limited to 28 days, longer-term treatment should be considered carefully and regular monitoring undertaken by the veterinarian.

Since clinical signs of canine osteoarthritis wax-and-wane, intermittent treatment may be beneficial in some dogs.

The following number of tablets should be given once daily:

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Contraindications

Do not use in case of hypersensitivity to the active substance or any of the excipients.

Do not use in pregnant, lactating or breeding animals. See section 4.7.

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Adverse reactions

Target species: Dogs

Very common (>1 animal / 10 animals treated): Vomiting

Common (1 to 10 animals / 100 animals treated): Loose stool, Diarrhoea, Inappetance

Very rare (<1 animal / 10,000 animals treated, including isolated reports): Haematemesis, Haemorrhagic diarrhoea, Pancreatitis, Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN), Elevated creatinine, Elevated liver enzymes, Hypoalbuminaemia1, Hypoproteinaemia1

1These signs were not associated with any clinically significant observations or events.

Reporting adverse events is important. It allows continuous safety monitoring of a veterinary medicinal product. Reports should be sent, preferably via a veterinarian, to either the marketing authorisation holder or the national competent authority via the national reporting system. See section ‘Contact details’ of the package leaflet.

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Warnings

Special precautions for use in animals

Grapiprant is a methylbenzenesulfonamide. It is not known whether dogs with a history of hypersensitivity to sulphonamides will exhibit hypersensitivity to grapiprant. If signs of sulphonamide hypersensitivity occur, treatment should be discontinued.

Use with caution in dogs suffering from pre-existing liver, cardiovascular or renal dysfunctions or from gastrointestinal disease.

The concurrent use of grapiprant with other anti-inflammatory agents has not been studied and should be avoided.

The safety of the veterinary medicinal product has not been established in dogs under 9 months of age and in dogs weighing less than 3.6 kg.

Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

Wash hands after handling of the veterinary medicinal product.

In case of accidental ingestion by children, mild and reversible gastrointestinal signs and nausea may be observed. In case of accidental ingestion, seek medical advice immediately and show the package leaflet or the label to the physician.

Special precautions for the protection of the environment:

Not applicable

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Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay

Do not use in pregnant, lactating or breeding animals as the safety of grapiprant has not been established during pregnancy and lactation or in dogs used for breeding.

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Interactions

Prior treatment with other anti-inflammatory substances may result in additional or increased severity of adverse effects and accordingly a treatment-free period with such veterinary medicinal products should be observed before the commencement of treatment with this veterinary medicinal product. The treatment-free period should take into account the pharmacokinetic properties of the products used previously.

The concomitant use of protein-bound veterinary medicinal products with grapiprant has not been studied. Commonly used protein-bound veterinary medicinal products include cardiac, anticonvulsant and behavioural medicinal products.

Veterinary medicinal product compatibility should be monitored in animals requiring adjunctive therapy.

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Overdose

In healthy dogs treated with grapiprant for 9 consecutive months, mild and transient soft-formed or mucous faeces, occasionally bloody, and vomiting were observed at daily overdoses of approximately 2.5x and 15x the recommended dose. Grapiprant did not produce any signs of kidney or liver toxicity at daily overdoses of up to 15x the recommended dose.

In case of overdose, symptomatic treatment should be initiated.

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Special warnings

The majority of clinical cases assessed in the clinical field studies suffered from mild to moderate osteoarthritis based on the veterinary assessment. To achieve a substantiated response to treatment, use the veterinary medicinal product only in mild and moderate cases of osteoarthritis.

From the two clinical field studies, the overall success rates based on CBPI (Canine Brief Pain Inventory, as completed by the owner) at 28 days after the start of the treatment, were 51.3% (120/235) for Galliprant and 35.5% (82/231) for the placebo group. This difference in favour of Galliprant was statistically significant (p-value= 0.0008).

A clinical response to treatment is usually seen within 7 days. If no clinical improvement is apparent after 14 days, treatment with Galliprant should be discontinued and different treatment options should be explored in consultation with the veterinarian.

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Withdrawal period

Not applicable.

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Incompatibilities

Not applicable.

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Immediate packaging

Induction sealed, white, round high density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles with a threaded child-resistant cap with rayon coil.

Pack sizes of 7 and 30 tablets per bottle. One bottle per cardboard box.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

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Storage

Do not store above 30 °C.

Any half tablets should be stored in the bottle.

In order to avoid any accidental ingestion, store tablets out of reach of animals.

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Shelf life

Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 3 years.

Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 3 months.

Any remaining whole and half tablets should be discarded after 3 months following first opening.

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Disposal of unused product

Special precautions for the disposal of unused veterinary medicinal products or waste materials derived from the use of such products

Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater.

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal product should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements.

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Additional information

Vm 52127/5016

9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION

09 January 2018

10 DATE OF REVISION OF THE TEXT

August 2023

11 CLASSIFICATION OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

Veterinary medicinal product subject to prescription.

Approved 22 August 2023

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Registration holder

Elanco GmbH

Heinz-Lohmann Strasse 4

Groden

D-27472 Cuxhaven

Germany

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