Eprecis 20 mg/ml Solution for Injection for Cattle, Sheep and Goats

Composition

Each ml contains:

Active substance:

Eprinomectin 20.0 mg

Excipients:

Butylhydroxytoluene (E321) 0.8 mg

For the full list of excipients, see section 6.1.

6.1 List of excipients

Butylhydroxytoluene (E321)

Dimethyl sulfoxide

Glycerol formal stabilised

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Pharmaceutical form

Solution for injection

Clear colourless to pale yellow solution

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Pharmacological properties

Pharmacotherapeutic group: endectocides, macrocyclic lactones, avermectins. ATC vet code: QP54AA04

5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Eprinomectin is a member of the macrocyclic lactone class of endectocides. Compounds of the class bind selectively and with high affinity to glutamate-gated chloride ion channels which occur in invertebrate nerve or muscle cells. This leads to an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions with hyperpolarization of the nerve or muscle cell, resulting in paralysis and death of the parasite.

Compounds of this class may also interact with other ligand-gated chloride channels, such as those gated by the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

The margin of safety for compounds of this class is attributable to the fact that mammals do not have glutamate-gated chloride channels; the macrocyclic lactones have a low affinity for other mammalian ligand-gated chloride channels, and they do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier.

5.2 Pharmacokinetic particulars

Absorption

In cattle, following subcutaneous administration, the bioavailability of eprinomectin is about 89%. The maximal mean plasma concentration of 58 µg/L was reached after 36-48 h.

In lactating sheep, the maximal mean plasma concentration of 19.5 µg/L was reached 33.6 hours after subcutaneous administration. The area under the curve mean value over a period of 7 days after dose injection was 73.3 µg*day/L.

In non-lactating sheep, the maximal mean plasma concentration of 11.3 µg/L was reached after 26.7 hours after dose administration. The area under the curve mean value over a period of 7 days after treatment was 42.5 µg*day/L

In goats, the maximal mean plasma concentration of 20.7 µg/L was reached 36 h after administration. The area under the curve mean value over a period of 7 days was 66.8 µg*day/L.

Distribution

There is a linear relationship between the dose administered and plasma concentration observed in the therapeutic dose range from 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg. Eprinomectin is highly bound (greater than 99%) to plasma proteins.

Metabolism

Eprinomectin is not extensively metabolised. Metabolites amount to approximately 10% of the total residues in plasma, milk, edible tissues and faeces.

Elimination

In cattle, eprinomectin is eliminated with a half-life of 65-75 h and the major route of elimination is via faeces.

In sheep, eprinomectin is eliminated with a comparable half-life of 62-78 h. In goats, eprinomectin is eliminated with a half-life of 91 hours.

5.3 Environmental properties

Like other macrocyclic lactones, eprinomectin has the potential to adversely affect non-target organisms. Following treatment, excretion of potentially toxic levels of eprinomectin may take place over a period of several weeks. Faeces containing eprinomectin excreted onto pasture by treated animals may reduce the abundance of dung feeding organisms which may impact on the dung degradation.

Eprinomectin is very toxic to dung fauna and aquatic organisms, is persistent in soils and may accumulate in sediments.

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Target species

Cattle, sheep and goats.

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Indications

Treatment of infestations by the following internal and external parasites sensitive to eprinomectin:

Cattle

Sucking lice: Haematopinus eurysternus, Linognathus vituli, Solenopotes capillatus

Horn flies: Haematobia irritans

Warbles (parasitic stages): Hypoderma bovis, Hypoderma lineatum

Mange mites: Sarcoptes scabiei var. bovis

Prevention of reinfestations:

The product protects treated animals against reinfestations with:

- Trichostrongylus spp. (including Trichostrongylus axei and Trichostrongylus colubriformis), Haemonchus placei, Cooperia spp. (including Cooperia oncophora, Cooperia punctata, Cooperia surnabada), Dictyocaulus viviparus, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Ostertagia spp.(including Ostertagia ostertagi and Ostertagia lyrata) and Nematodirus helvetianus for 14 days.

- Haematobia irritans for at least 7 days.

Sheep

Gastrointestinal roundworms (adult)

Teladorsagia circumcincta (pinnata/trifurcata),

Haemonchus contortus

Trichostrongylus axei

Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Nematodirus battus

Cooperia curticei

Chabertia ovina

Oesophagostomum venulosum

Lungworm (adult)

Dictyocaulus filaria

Nasal bots

Oestrus ovis

Goats

Gastrointestinal roundworms (adult)

Teladorsagia circumcincta (pinnata/trifurcata)

Haemonchus contortus

Trichostrongylus axei

Trichostrongylus colubriformis

Nematodirus battus

Lungworm (adult)

Dictyocaulus filaria

Nasal bots

Oestrus ovis

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Dosage

Subcutaneous use. For single administration only.

Administration of 0.2 mg of eprinomectin per kg bodyweight; corresponding to 0.1ml of the veterinary medicinal product per 10 kg bodyweight.

In goats, the volume per injection site should not exceed 0.6ml

50 ml and 100 ml vials

Do not exceed 30 broachings per vial. If more than 30 broachings are required, use of a draw off needle is recommended.

250 ml and 500 ml vials

Do not exceed 20 broachings per vial. If more than 20 broachings are required, use of a draw off needle is recommended.

To ensure administration of a correct dose, bodyweight should be determined as accurately as possible.

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Contraindications

Do not use in other animal species.

Do not use in cases of hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients

Do not administer orally or by intramuscular or by intravenous injection.

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Adverse reactions

- Cattle:

Very common (>1 animal / 10 animals treated): Injection site swelling1, Injection site pain2

1 Moderate to severe, typically resolves within 7 days but induration may persist for in excess of 21 days.

2 Mild to moderate this reaction disappears without any treatment and does not impair the safety or efficacy of the veterinary medicinal product.

- Sheep and goats:

Very common (>1 animal / 10 animals treated): Injection site swelling1 Immediate pain upon injection 2

1 Slight to moderate, typically resolves within 16 to 18 days

2 Manifested by head movements and discomfort in sheep.

Reporting adverse events is important. It allows continuous safety monitoring of a veterinary medicinal product. Reports should be sent, preferably via a veterinarian, to either the marketing authorisation holder or its local representative or the national competent authority via the national reporting system. See also the last section of the package leaflet for respective contact details.

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Warnings

i). Special precautions for use in animals

Usual aseptic procedures for administration of a parenteral injection should be followed.

Not to be used in other species; avermectins can cause fatalities in dogs, especially Collies, Old English Sheepdogs and related breeds and crosses, and also in turtles/tortoises.

The death of warble fly larvae in the oesophagus or spinal cord canal may lead to secondary reactions. In order to avoid secondary reactions due to the death of Hypoderma larvae in the oesophagus or the spine, it is recommended to administer the product at the end of the period of fly activity and before the larvae reach their resting site.

ii). Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

Special precautions to be taken by the person administering the veterinary medicinal product to animals

People with known hypersensitivity to eprinomectin or to any of the excipients should avoid contact with the veterinary medicinal product

The veterinary medicinal product causes serious eye irritation. Avoid contact with the eyes. Wash any splashes from eyes immediately with water.

This product may cause neurotoxicity. Care should be taken when handling the product to avoid self-injection. In case of accidental injection, seek medical advice immediately and show the package leaflet or the label to the physician. Avoid contact with the skin. Wash any splashes from skin immediately with water. Avoid oral exposure. Do not eat, drink or smoke while handling the veterinary medicinal product.

Wash hands after use.

The excipient glycerol formal may cause harm to the unborn child. In addition, the active substance eprinomectin can be transferred to breast milk. Pregnant/breast- feeding women and women of childbearing age should therefore avoid exposure to this product.

Special precautions for the protection of the environment

Eprinomectin is very toxic to dung fauna and aquatic organisms, is persistent in soils and may accumulate in sediments.

The risk to aquatic ecosystems and dung fauna can be reduced by avoiding too frequent and repeated use of eprinomectin (and products of the same anthelmintic class) in cattle, sheep and goats.

The risk to aquatic ecosystems will be further reduced by keeping treated cattle, sheep and goats away from water bodies for two to five weeks after treatment.

iii). Other precautions

None

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Use during pregnancy, lactation or lay

Cattle:

Can be used during pregnancy and lactation.

Sheep and goats:

The safety of eprinomectin during pregnancy in sheep and goats has not been tested. Use only according to the benefit/risk assessment of the responsible veterinarian in these species.

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Interactions

Since eprinomectin binds strongly to plasma proteins, this should be taken into account if it is used in association with other molecules having the same characteristics.

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Overdose

Cattle, sheep:

After subcutaneous administration of up to 5 times the recommended dose, no adverse events were observed except a transient reaction (swelling followed by induration) at the injection site.

The safety of the product in goats has not been demonstrated in overdose studies.

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Special warnings

Cattle, sheep and goats

Care should be taken to avoid the following practices because they increase the risk of development of resistance and could ultimately result in ineffective therapy:

● Too frequent and repeated use of anthelmintics from the same class, over an extended period of time.

● Underdosing, which may be due to underestimation of bodyweight, misadministration of the product, or lack of calibration of the dosing device (if any).

Suspected clinical cases of resistance to anthelmintics should be further investigated using appropriate tests (e.g. Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test). Where the results of the test(s) strongly suggest resistance to a particular anthelmintic, an anthelmintic belonging to another pharmacological class and having a different mode of action should be used.

Suspected clinical cases of resistance to anthelmintics should be further investigated using appropriate tests (e.g. Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test). Where the results of the test(s) strongly suggest resistance to a particular anthelmintic, an anthelmintic belonging to another pharmacological class and having a different mode of action should be used.

If there is a risk for re-infection, the advice of a veterinarian should be sought regarding the need for and frequency of repeat administration.

Cattle

Resistance to other macrocyclic lactones has been reported in parasite species in cattle within the EU. Therefore, use of this product should be based on local (regional, farm) epidemiological information about susceptibility of nematodes and recommendations on how to limit further selection for resistance to anthelmintics.

Sheep and goats

Resistance to eprinomectin in parasite species in goats and sheep has been reported within the EU. Therefore, use of this product should be based on local (regional, farm) epidemiological information about susceptibility of nematodes and recommendations on how to limit further selection for resistance to anthelmintics.

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Withdrawal period

Cattle:

- Meat and offal: 63 days

- Milk: zero hours.

Sheep:

- Meat and offal: 42 days

- Milk: zero hours.

Goats:

- Meat and offal: 42 days

- Milk: zero hours.

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Incompatibilities

In the absence of compatibility studies, this veterinary medicinal product must not be mixed with other veterinary medicinal products.

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Immediate packaging

Nature of immediate packaging:

Amber multilayer plastic vials (polypropylene / ethylene vinyl alcohol / polypropyene) with bromobutyl rubber stoppers and aluminium caps and plastic flip-off discs in a cardboard box.

Pack sizes:

50 ml vial

100 ml vial

250 ml vial

500 ml vial

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

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Storage

This veterinary medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions.

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Shelf life

Shelf life of the veterinary medicinal product as packaged for sale: 3 years. Shelf life after first opening the immediate packaging: 6 months.

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Disposal of unused product

Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater.

The veterinary medicinal product should not enter water courses as Eprinomectin may be dangerous for fish and other aquatic organisms

Do not contaminate ponds, waterways or ditches with the veterinary medicinal product or empty container.

Any unused veterinary medicinal product or waste materials derived from such veterinary medicinal product should be disposed of in accordance with local requirements

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Additional information

Vm 14966/5049

9 DATE OF FIRST AUTHORISATION

23 September 2015

10 DATE OF THE LAST REVISION OF THE SUMMARY OF THE PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS

October 2025

PROHIBITION OF SALE, SUPPLY AND/OR USE

Not applicable

11 CLASSIFICATION OF VETERINARY MEDICINAL PRODUCTS

Veterinary medicinal product subject to prescription.

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Registration holder

Ceva Sante Animale

8 rue de Logrono

33500 Libourne

France

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